How to realize the numerical control transformation of EDM machine

Establish an open economical CNC system based on PC to realize the numerical control transformation of EDM machine tools. The driving part of the system is composed of a transformer, a DC power supply, a driver, a stepping motor, and the like. In order to simplify the structure, the DC power supply produced by NEMICLAMBDA of Japan is used. The output current of the power supply is up to 16A, which can supply power to two drivers at the same time. In order to improve the response speed of the machine, reduce the transmission error and the insensitive area of ​​the system, the motor directly drives the lead screw. The way. However, due to the low productivity of EDM and the slow feed rate of the tool or table, the feed rate obtained in this way cannot meet the processing needs. To this end, the SH_20806 stepper motor subdivision driver manufactured by Stone is used. It has eight subdivision modes, up to 64 subdivisions. The input signal is TTL compatible or 24V optional, which provides convenience for us to realize the microcomputer interface, and optically isolates the input signal to avoid external interference to the microcomputer system. Influence. The stepping motor adopts the 86BYG250B type motor produced by Sitong Company. The motor has a large driving torque of more than 5N.m, which guarantees the smoothness of low-speed feed, and its step angle is 1.8°.

The mechanical actuator of the system adopts ball screw and ball guide. The screw pitch is 4mm. When the drive adopts the maximum subdivision mode, the pulse equivalent can reach 0.3μm; when 16 subdivision, the pulse equivalent is 1.25μm, which can meet the machine tool. Precision requirements.

The system controller adopts a general-purpose PC. On the one hand, it continuously reads the voltage signal input from the discharge gap detection loop through the A/D card, and controls the feed speed and feed direction of the motor according to the detection signal. On the other hand, the drive pulse is sent to the stepper motor. Because the parallel interface of the PC printer generally adopts the Centrionics parallel interface standard, there are 36 pin signals, and each printer parallel port occupies 3 I/O port addresses: 0x378, 0x379 and 0x37A, where 0x378 is an eight-bit data port. Since the driver requires a minimum of two control signals: the pulse signal and the direction signal, the eight-bit data port can control up to four motors. Therefore, in order to reduce the cost, the printer parallel interface is used instead of the I/O card, and the data port 0x378 is used to output the pulse and direction signals. (End)

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